Group selection and kin selection pdf

In a recent paper, traulsen and nowak use a multilevel selection model to show that cooperation can be favored by group selection. Kin selection and group selection kin selection is sometimes viewed as a special form of group selection that works. Wynneedwards and konrad lorenz argued that the behavior of animals could affect their survival and reproduction as groups, speaking for instance of actions for the good of the species. Kin selection and reciprocal altruism are sometimes found to coexist in many social groups of animals and at times it is difficult to distinguish between the two or measure them independently. Wynneedwards1,2 has argued persuasively for the importance of behaviour in regulating the density of animal populations, and has suggested that since such behaviour favours the survival of the. Kin and group selection theory usually focuses entirely on fitness, leaving phenotypic effects of alleles on trait values implicit gardner et al. Group selection is a proposed mechanism of evolution in which natural selection acts at the. Alarm calls and group selection in birds and mammals highpitched alarm calls are given to alert other individuals of a stalking predator. Pdf group selection theory has a history of controversy. The relationship between kin selection and group or multilevel selection is a longstanding source of controversy in the social evolution literature.

Kin selection, group selection, and the varieties of. In the kin group selection debate, for example, socalled indirect genetic effects iges on trait values are widely ignored. Kin selection between related individuals is accepted as an explanation of. It is based on the concept of inclusive fitness, which is made up of individual survival and reproduction direct fitness and any impact that an individual has on the survival and reproduction of relatives indirect fitness. Inclusive fitness theory, summarised in hamiltons rule, is a dominant explanation for the evolution of social behaviour.

The group selection and kin selection methodologies are not equivalent 11, 73, 74. Kin selection, a type of natural selection that considers the role relatives play when evaluating the genetic fitness of a given individual. When inclusive fitness is right and when it can be wrong article pdf available in journal of theoretical biology 2593. Kin selection is best understood by taking a genes eye view, though it is most accurately described as a form of group selection. Group selection is a proposed mechanism of evolution in which natural selection acts at the level of the group, instead of at the more conventional level of the individual early authors such as v. Department of ecology and evolution, biophore, university of lausanne, ch1015 lausanne, switzerland. I distinguish individual and populationcentred approaches to drawing such a distinction, and i proceed. The authors challenge the view that kin selection may be an appropriate interpretation of their results and state that group selection is a distinctive process that permeates evolutionary processes from the emergence of the first cells to eusociality and the economics of nations. Pdf group selection, kin selection, altruism and cooperation. Group selection, kin selection, altruism and cooperation.

Altruistic behaviors are also common between close family members. As this article and other authors have summarised, group selection and kin selection are equivalent views of the same evolutionary process 10, 31, 32, 57, 63, 70, 96. A parallel thread of evolutionary theory holds that selection between groups is also a candidate explanation for social evolution. Even in social insects, there are conflicts within the group, so it is better to analyze selection with hamiltons rule which.

Indeed, kin selection operates whenever interactions occur among genetic relatives, that is, among individuals who tend to share a more recent. Group selection is said to occur when the traits of groups that systematically. Two concepts but one process article pdf available in proceedings of the national academy of sciences 10416. Group selection is the idea that natural selection can act on scales larger than a gene, i. The authors challenge the view that kin selection may be an appropriate interpretation of their results and state that group selection is a distinctive process that. Lets look at a case of a selfish allele and an altruistic allele in a population that breaks the assumptions of the mean field approximation. The relationship between kin selection and group or multilevel selection is a longstanding source of controversy in the social evolution.